The world of Valmiki-12

The World of Valmiki-12

Sita taking vows before Pipul tree and while crossing Yamuna
कालिन्दीमध्यमायाता सीतात्वेनामवन्दत ।
स्वस्ति देवि तरामि त्वां पारयेन्मे पतिर्व्रतम् ॥
यक्ष्ये त्वां गोसहस्रेण सुराघटशतेन च ।
स्वस्ति प्रत्यागते रामे पुरीमिक्ष्वाकुपालिताम् ॥२/५५/१८-१९॥
Reaching the centre of river Yamuna, Sita bowed to the river and said, " O goddess, I am crossing you. If my husband successfully completes the vow I shall offer you one thousand cows and one hundred pots of liquor after Rama gets back to the city protected by the Ikshvaku's"


न्यग्रोधं तमुपागम्य वैदेही वाक्यमब्रवीत् ।
नमस्तेऽस्तु महावृक्ष पारयेन्मे पतिर्व्रतम् ॥
कौसल्यां चैव पश्येयम् सुमित्रां च यशस्विनीम् ।
इति सीताञ्जलिं कृत्वा पर्यगच्छद्वनस्पतिम् ॥२/५५/२४-२५॥
Having neared the Pipul tree, Sita said as follows, " O Great tree, I bow to you. May my husband fullfill his vows. May I again see Kausalya and Sumitra." So saying she went round the tree.


Vastu shamana ritual
 

ऐणेयं मांसमाहृत्य शालां यक्ष्यामहे वयम् ।
कर्तव्यं वास्तुशमनं सौमित्रे चिरजीविभिः ॥
मृगं हत्वानय क्षिप्रं लक्ष्मणेह शुभेक्षण ।
कर्तव्यः शास्त्रदृष्टो हि विधिधर्ममनुस्मर ॥
भ्रातुर्वचनमाज्ञाय लक्ष्मणः परवीरहा ।
चकार स यथोक्तं च तं रामः पुनरब्रवीत् ॥
ऐणेयं श्रपयस्वैतच्छालां यक्ष्यावहे वयम् ।
त्वर सौम्य मुहूर्तोऽयं ध्रुवश्च दिवसोऽप्ययम् ॥
स लक्ष्मणः कृष्णमृगं हत्वा मेध्यं प्रतापवान् ।
अथ चिक्षेप सौमित्रिः समिद्धे जातवेदसि ॥
तं तु पक्वं समाज्ञाय निष्टप्तं छिन्नशोणितम् ।
लक्ष्मणः पुरुषव्याघ्रमथ राघवमब्रवीत् ॥
अयं कृष्णः समाप्ताङ्गः शृतः कृष्णमृगो यथा ।
देवतां देवसङ्काश यजस्व कुशलोह्यसि ॥
रामः स्नात्वा तु नियतो गुणवाञ्जप्यकोविदः ।
सङ्ग्रहेणाकरोत् सर्वान् मन्त्रान् सत्रावसानिकान् ।
इष्ट्वा देवगणान् सर्वान् विवेशावसथं शुचिः ।
बभूव च मनोह्लादो रामस्यामित तेजसः ।
वैश्वदेवबलिं कृत्वा रौद्रं वैष्णवमेव च ।
वास्तुसंशयनीयानि मङ्गलानि प्रवर्तयन्॥
जपं च न्यायतः कृत्वा स्नात्वा नद्यां यथाविधि ।
पापसंशमनं रामश्चकार बलिमुत्तमम् ॥
वेदिस्थलविधानानि चैत्यान्यायतनानि च ।
आश्रमस्यानुरूपाणि स्थापयामास राघवः ॥
वन्यैर्माल्यैः फलैर्मूलैः पक्वैर्मांसैर्यथाविधि ।
अद्भिर्जपैश्च वेदोक्तैर्दर्भैश्च ससमित्कुशैः ॥
तौ तर्पयित्वा भूतानि राघवौ सहसीतया ।
तदा विविशतुः शालां सुशुभां शुभलक्षणौ ॥२/५६/२२-३५॥
(Rama said)" Those who want to stay in place for long have to propitiate the local dieties. Let us offer the meat of deer. Go quickly, kill a deer. Remember, we need to follow scrptures in this matter". As per brother's wishes, Lakshmana, the detroyer of valiant foes did accordingly. Rama spoke to him again,"This day and time are auspicious and signify permanency. Hurry up and cook the meat. Let us offer it to this abode. Lakshmana having killed the deer accordingly put it into the well-lit fire. After checking that it is properly cooked and without blood, Lakshmana told Rama, " This black buck is well cooked and you are proficient in the matter, so please propitiate the fire." Rama, who was well-versed in chanting, taking bath in a disciplined manner briefly chanted the mantras for the occasion. After propitiating all the groups of dieties, he entered the abode. He felt happy in his mind. He offered to all the Gods (Vaishvadeva-bali), to Vishnu and to Rudra performing all the auspicious ceremonies necessary for propitiating the spirits of the abode.(vaastu-samsamana). Chanting as per custom, taking bath in the river, he made offerings for the purpose of annullment of wrong doings. He established places for fire, for meditation and abodes for deities. As per prescribed procedure having propitiated the spirits by offering forest flowers, fruits, roots, holy grass, sticks of palash and cooked meat, Rama and Lakshmana along with Sita entered the auspicious enclosure.

Rama performs tarpana
सान्त्वयित्वा तु तां रामो रुदन्तीं जनकात्मजाम् ।
उवाच लक्ष्मणं तत्र दुःखितो दुःखितं वचः ॥
आनयेङ्गुदिपिण्याकं चीरमाहर चोत्तरम् ।
जलक्रियार्थं तातस्य गमिष्यामि महात्मनः ॥
सीता पुरस्ताद्व्रजतु त्वमेनामभितो व्रज ।
अहं पश्चाद्गमिष्यामि गतिर्ह्येषा सुदारुणा ॥२/१०२/१९-२१॥
Consoling Sita who was crying, grief-stricken Rama spoke to the grieving Lakshmana,"Bring cakes of Ingudi ( a forest seed) and covering bark garment. I will go to offer waters to the great father. Let Sita walk in front. You follow her. I will follow you. This situation is indeed very harsh.

शीघ्रस्रोतसमासाद्य तीर्थं शिवमकर्दमाम् ।
सिषिचुस्तूदकं राज्ञे तत्रैतत्ते भवत्विति ॥
प्रगृह्य च महीपालो जलपूरितमञ्जलिम् ।
दिशं याम्यामभिमुखो रुदन् वचनमब्रवीत् ॥
एतत्ते राजशार्दूल विमलं तोयमक्षयम् ।
पितृलोकगतस्याद्य मद्दत्तमुपतिष्ठतु ॥
ततो मन्दाकिनीतीरात् प्रत्युत्तीर्य स राघवः ।
पितुश्चकार तेजस्वी निवापं भ्रातृभिः सह ॥
ऐङ्गुदं बदरीमिश्रं पिण्याकं दर्भसंस्तरे ।
न्यस्य रामाः सुदुःखार्तो रुदन् वचनमब्रवीत् ॥
इदं भुङ्क्ष्व महाराज प्रीतॊ यदशना वयम् ।
यदन्नः पुरुषो भवति तदन्नास्तस्य देवताः ॥२/१०२/२५-३०॥
Getting down to the holy and clear fast moving river, they sprinkled water for the king saying, "May this be yours there.". Having filled his cupped palms with water, facing South, he said these words crying, " O  panther among kings, may this palm-full of clean and non-decaying water offered by me be with you in your abode of world of the manes". Then climbing up from the banks of Godavari he along with his brothers did tarpana to his father. Placing the cake of Ingudi mixed with Badari  on spread of darbha grass, deeply grieved Rama said these words crying," O king, be pleased to eat this which we eat. What a person eats is what is offered to his deities".

दक्षिणाग्रेषु दर्भेषु सा ददर्श महीतले ।
पितुरिङ्गुदिपिण्याकं न्यस्तमायत लोचना ॥२/१०३/८॥
The wide-eyed (lady) saw on the ground the cake of Ingudi placed on the darbha grass pointing to South as offering to the departed father.

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The World of Valmiki-11

The World of Valmiki-11

funeral ceremony
उद्धृतं तैलसंरोधात् स तु भूमौ निवेशितम् ।
आपीतवर्णवदनं प्रसुप्तमिव भूमिपम् ॥
संवेश्य शयने चाग्र्ये नानारत्नपरिष्कृते।
ततो दशरथं पुत्रो विललाप सुदुःखितः ॥२/७६/४-५॥
The body of Dasaratha which had been placed on the ground after being taken out from the oil container was slightly yellow in colour  and it looked as if the king was just asleep. After placing the body on a prominent bed bedecked with gems the son who was greatly grieved lamented .

ये त्वग्नयो नरेन्द्रस्य चाग्न्यगाराद्बहिष्कृताः ।
ऋत्विग्भिर्याजकैश्चैव आह्रियन्त यथाविधि ॥
शिबिकायामथारोप्य राजानं गतचेतसम् ।
बाष्पकण्ठा विमनसस्तमूहुः परिचारकाः ॥
हिरण्यं च सुवर्णं च वासांसि विविधानि च ।
प्रकिरन्तो जना मार्गं नृपतेरग्रतो ययुः ॥
चान्दनागुरुनिर्यासान् सरलं पद्मकं तथा ।
देवदारूणि चाहृत्य क्षेपयन्ति तथापरे ॥
गन्धानुच्चावचान्श्चान्यान् तत्र गत्वाथ भूमिपम् ।
ततः संवेशयामासुश्चितामध्ये तमृत्विजः ॥
तथा हुताशनं दत्त्वा जेपुस्तस्य तमृत्विजः ।
जगुश्च ते यथाशास्त्रं तत्र सामानि सामगाः ॥
शिबिकाभिश्च यानैश्च यथार्हं तस्य योषितः ।
नगरान्निर्ययुस्तत्र वृद्धैः परिवृतास्तदा ॥
प्रसव्यं चापि तं चक्रुरृत्विजोऽग्निचितं नृपम् ।
स्त्रियश्च शोकसन्तप्ताअः कौसल्याप्रमुखास्तदा ॥२/७६/१३-२०॥
The fires of the king that had been taken out from the fire-chamber were duly offered oblations by the ritviks and those performing sacrifices. After placing the dead king on a palanquin attendants carried the palanquin in anguish with their throats choked with grief. People walked in front scattering Gold and Silver and varied garments. Others tossed sandal, aguru sap of tree, pieces of sarala, padmaka and devadaru wood and all kinds of perfumes (on the body). Afterwards rutviks placed the body on the bier, lit the fire and chanted. Those well versed in Samaveda sang sama psalms as prescribed. Accompanied by the elderly, king's wives came out of the city in palanquins and other transport as per their rank. Grief stricken women headed by Kausalya went round the lit bier anti-clockwise along with ritviks.

ततो दशाहेऽतिगते कृतशौचो नृपात्मजः ।
द्वादशेऽहनि संप्राप्ते श्राद्धकर्माण्यकारयत् ॥
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददौ रत्नं धनमन्नं च पुष्कलम् ।
वासांसि च महार्हाणि रत्नानि विविधानि च ॥
बास्तिकं बहुशुक्लं च गाश्चापि शतशस्तदा ।
दासीदासं च यानं च वेश्मानि सुमहान्ति च ॥
ब्राह्मणेभ्यो ददौ पुत्रो राज्ञस्तस्यौर्ध्वदैहिकम् ॥
ततः प्रभातसमये दिवसेऽथ त्रयोदशे ।
विललाप महाबाहुर्भरतः शोकमूर्च्छितः ।
शब्दापिहितकण्ठस्तु शोधनार्थमुपागतः ॥२/७७/१-४॥
Ten days having elapsed, the son of the king had his purificatory rites and on the twelfth day he arranged for the sraddh ceremony. He gave away to Brahmins gems, money and abundant food. As a part of obsequies, the son gave away to Brahmins valuable garments, varied gems and a herd of pure white goats and hundreds of cows. On the morning of the thirteenth day as he went to collect the ashes, grief stricken Bharata endowed with heavy shoulders lamented with his throat choked with grief.

Obsequies to Jatayu
या गतिर्यज्ञशीलानामाहिताज्ञेश्च या गतिः ।
अपरावर्तिनां या च या च भूमिप्रदायिनाम् ॥
मया त्वं समनुज्ञातो गच्छ लोकाननुत्तमान् ।
गृध्रराज महासत्त्व संस्कृतश्च मया व्रज ॥
एवमुक्त्वा चितां दीप्तामारोप्य पतगेश्वरम् ।
ददाह रामो धर्मात्मा स्वबन्धुमिव दुःखितः ॥
रामोऽथ सहसौमित्रिर्वनं गत्वा स वीर्यवान् ।
स्थूलान् हत्वा महारोहीननुतस्तार तं द्विजम् ॥
रोहिमाम्सानि चोत्कृत्य पेशीकृत्य महायशाः ।
शकुनाय ददौ रामो रम्ये हरित शाद्वले ॥
यत्तत्प्रेतस्य मर्त्यस्य कथयन्ति द्विजातयः ।
तत्स्वर्गगमनं तस्य पित्र्यं रामो जजाप ह ॥
ततो गोदावरीं गत्वा नदीं नरवरात्मजौ ।
उदकं चक्रतुस्तस्मै गृध्रराजाय तावुभौ ॥
शास्त्रदृष्टेन विधिना जले गृध्राय राघवौ ।
स्नात्वा तौ गृध्रराजाय उदकं चक्रतुस्तदा ॥३/६८/२९-३६॥
"With my consent you go to those worlds meant for those who regularly perform yajnas, who keep at their homes the holy fires burning, those who do not have to return to this world and to those who donate lands. O great-souled king of eagles, after I perform your obsequies duly go to such worlds. " So saying, Rama to whom dharma was the soul-spirit, burnt the king of birds after raising the bird on the burning pyre and grieved as if he had lost a kin. Along with Lakshmana, Rama of great fame went into the forest, killed large deer, made lumps of their meat, spread them on the beautiful green grass and offered them to the dead bird. He chanted those mantras which Brahmins chant for dead persons to enable them to reach heaven. Then the two sons of the king went to river Godavari, took bath and offered water to the dead king of birds as prescribed by scriptures.

Funeral of Vali
राज्ञां ऋद्धिविशेषा हि दृश्यन्ते भुवि यादृशाः ।
तादृशं वालिनः क्षिप्रं प्राकुर्वन्नौर्ध्वदैहिकम् ॥
अङ्गदं परिरभ्याशु तारप्रभृतयस्तदा ।
क्रोशन्तः प्रययुः सर्वे वानरा हतबान्धवाः ॥४/२५/३२-३३॥
Obsequies of Vali were performed in the manner similar to that for human kings. Tara and other monkeys who had lost their relative proceeded embracing Angada and lamenting loudly.
--
पुलिने गिरिनद्यास्तु विविक्ते जलसंवृते ।
चितां चक्रुः सुबहवो वानराः शोककर्शिताः ॥४/२५/३७॥
A large number of grief-stricken monkeys made a bier on secluded water-covered sands of a mountain stream.

सुग्रीवेण ततः सार्धमङ्गदः पितरं रुदन् ।
चितामारोपयामास शोकेनाभिहितेन्द्रियः ॥
ततोऽग्निं विधिवद्दत्वा सोऽपसव्यं चकार ह ।
पितरं दीर्घमध्वानं प्रस्थितं व्याकुलेन्द्रियः ॥
संस्कृत्य वालिनं ते तु विधिपूर्वं प्लवङ्गमाः ।
आजग्मुरुदकं कर्तुं नदीं शुभजलां शिवाम् ॥
ततस्ते सहितास्तत्र ह्यङ्गदं स्थाप्यचाग्रतः ।
सुग्रीवतारासहिताः सिषिचुर्वालिने जलम् ॥४/२५/४७-५० ॥
Angada along with Sugriva, crying and with his senses blunted by the grief, raised his father on to the bier. Having lit the bier duly he went round his father anti-clockwise who had started on a long journey  The monkeys, having performed the obsequies duly, went to the auspicious river to offer waters to the departed. Keeping Angada in front, they along with Sugriva and Tara, sprinkled water for Vali. 

Obsequies of Ravana
चितां चन्दनकाष्ठानां पद्मकोशीरसंवृताम् ।
ब्राह्मया संवेशयाञ्चक्रू राङ्कवास्तरणावृताम् ॥
वर्तते वेदविहितो राज्ञो वै पश्चिमः क्रतुः ।
प्रचक्रू राक्षसेन्द्रस्य पितृमेधमनुक्रमम् ॥
वेदिं च दक्षिणप्राच्यां यथास्थानं च पावकम् ।
पृषदाज्येन संपूर्णं स्रुवं स्कन्धे प्रचिक्षिपुः ॥
पादयोः शकटं प्रादुरन्तरूर्वोरुलूखलम् ।
दारुपात्राणि सर्वाणि अरणिं चोत्तरारणिम् ।
दत्त्वा तु मुसलं चान्यद्यथास्थानं विचक्षणाः ॥
शास्त्रदृष्टेन विधिना महर्षिविहितेन च ।
तत्र मेध्यं पशुं हत्वा राक्षसेन्द्रस्य राक्षसाः ॥
परिस्तरणिकां राज्ञो घृताक्तां समवेशयन् ।
गन्धैर्माल्यैरलङ्कृत्य रावणं दीनमानसाः ॥
विभीषणसहायास्ते वस्त्रैश्च विविधैरपि ।
लाजैश्चावकिरन्ति स्म बाष्पपूर्णमुखास्तदा ॥
ददौ च पावकं तस्य विधियुक्तं विभीषणः ।
स्नात्वा चैवार्द्रवस्त्रेण तिलान् दूर्वाभिमिश्रितान् ॥
उदकेन च सम्मिश्रान् प्रदाय विधिपूर्वकम् ।
प्रदाय चोदकं तस्मै मूर्ध्ना चैनं नमस्य च ॥
ताः स्त्रियोऽनुनयामास सान्त्वमुक्त्वा पुनः पुनः ॥६/११४/१०४-११४॥
They prepared a bier of sandal wood covered with woods of padmaka and ushira and surrounded by a woollen carpet as per procedure and performed the obsequies of Ravana in accordance with Vedic injunctions. They prepared a raised altar on the South-Eastern corner of the bier, placed the fire in its due place and poured a ladle of ghee mixed with curds on the shoulder of the body and placed a cart on his feet and a mortar on his thighs. They placed the wooden vessels, arani (lower piece of wood) and uttara-arani (upper piece of wood) and the pestle at their places as prescribed by the scriptures and approved by great seers. Having sacrificed a sanctified animal (goat) they placed a sheet smeared with ghee on the body. After decorating the body with flowers and perfumes they with tears in their faces threw puffed rice and clothes on the body. Vibhishana lit the pyre as per prescribed procedure. Taking bath and in wet clothes he offered sesame seeds mixed with grass in water to the departed and bowed his head low as a mark of respect. He consoled the women repeatedly.
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The world of Valmiki-10

The world of Valmiki-10

Decorating the city
ततः पौरजनः सर्वः श्रुत्वा रामाभिषेचनम् ।
प्रभातां रजनीं दृष्ट्वा चक्रे शोभयितुं पुरीम् ॥
सिताभ्रशिखराभेषु देवतायतनेषु च ।
चतुष्पथेषु रथ्यासु चैत्येष्वट्टालकेषु च ॥
नानापण्यसमृद्धेषु वणिजामापणेषु च ।
कुटुम्बिनां समृद्धेषु श्रीमत्सु भवनेषु च ॥
सभासु चैव सर्वासु वृक्षेष्वालक्षितेषु च ।
ध्वजाः समुच्छ्रिताश्चित्राः पताकाश्चाभवन्स्तदा ॥
नटनर्तकसङ्घानां गायकानां च गायताम् ।
मनःकर्णसुखा वाचः शुश्रुवुश्च ततस्ततः ॥२/६/१०-१४॥
Then the citizens after hearing about the coronation of Rama and after the day break started decorating the city. Flags and colourful festoons were hoisted on tops of temples which looked like mountain peaks covered with white clouds, at city squares, on roads, on monuments and on attics, at market places full of various goods, on the houses of the rich families, on city halls and on all prominent trees. Here and there people heard the sonorous and soulful music of groups of actors and dancers singing. 

Kousalya worships Vishnu
कौसल्यापि तदा देवी रात्रिं स्थित्वा समाहिता ।
प्रभाते त्वकरोत् पूजां विष्णोः पुत्रहितैषिणी ॥
सा क्षौमवसना हृष्टा नित्यं व्रतपरायणा ।
अग्निं जुहोति स्म तदा मन्त्रवत् कृतमङ्गला ॥२/२०/१४-१५॥
Kausalya having spent the night in religious activities and for the sake of her son's welfare worshipped Lord Vishnu in the morning. All the time devoted to religious observances, she wore silken clothes and got oblations poured to the sacred fire along with due chants.

Kousalya bids farewell to Rama
ज्वलनं समुपादाय ब्राह्मणेन महात्मना ।
हावयामास विधिना राममङ्गलकारणात् ॥
घृतं श्वेतानि माल्यानि समिधः श्चैव सर्षपान् ।
उपसंपादयामास कौसल्या परमाङ्गना ॥
उपाध्यायः स विधिना हुत्वा शान्तिमनामयम् ।
हुतहव्यावशेषेण बाह्यं बलिमकल्पयत् ॥
मधुदध्यक्षतघृतैः स्वस्ति वाच्यं द्विजान्स्ततः ।
वाचयामास रामस्य वने स्वस्त्ययनक्रियाः ॥
ततस्तस्मै द्विजेन्द्राय राममाता यशस्विनी ।
दक्षिणां प्रददौ काम्यां राघवं चेदमब्रवीत् ॥२/२५/२७-३०॥
She got oblations duly poured to the sacred fire by a Brahmin for the sake of auspiciousness for Rama. The great lady brought for that purpose ghee, white flowers, fire-wood pieces and mustard seeds. The Brahmin priest after offering oblations to the fire duly for the sake of peace and good health  offered the remaining portion of the oblation materials to other elements. She made Brahmins chant farewell blessings for Rama offering honey, unbroken rice and ghee. Then the illustrious mother of Rama gave dakshina as desired by him to the chief of Brahmins and said to Rama as follows:

अतीव चाश्रुप्रतिपूर्णलोचना
समाप्य च स्वस्त्ययनं यथाविधि ।
प्रदक्षिणं चैव चकार राघवं
पुनः पुनश्चापि निरीक्ष्य सस्वजे ॥२/२५/४६॥ 
Excessively shedding tears after completing the farewell-blessings duly, she went round Rama clockwise and embraced him repeatedly looking at him.
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The World of Valmiki -(09)

The World of Valmiki 09

marriage

स गत्वा निलयं राजा श्राद्धं कृत्वा विधानतः ।
प्रभाते काल्यमुत्थाय चक्रे गोदानमुत्तमम् ॥
गवां शतसहस्राणि ब्राह्मणेभ्यो नराधिपः ।
एकैकशो ददौ राजा पुत्रानुद्दिश्य धर्मतः ॥
सुवर्णशृङ्गाः सम्पन्नाः सवत्साः कांस्यदोहनाः ।
गवां शतसहस्राणि चत्वारि पुरुषर्षभः ॥
वित्तमन्यच्च सुबहु द्विजेभ्यो रघुनन्दनः ।
ददौ गोदानमुद्दिश्य पुत्राणां पुत्रवत्सलः ॥१/७२/२१-२४॥
The king went home and performed shraadh duly. After getting up in the morning he performed godaan ( a ceremony for giving away a cow as gift to a Brahmin). He gave away one thousand cows in the name of each of his sons to Brahmins. These cows with calves had gold plated horns and milking vessels made of brass. He also gave away large sums of money in addition.

प्रपामध्ये तु विधिवद्वेदिं कृत्वा महातपाः ।
अलञ्चकार तां वेदिं गन्धपुष्पैः समन्ततः ॥
सुवर्णपालिकाभिश्च चित्रकुम्भैश्च साङ्कुरैः ।
अङ्कुराढ्यैः शरावैश्च धूपपात्रैः सधूपकैः ॥
शङ्खपात्रैः स्रुवैः स्रुग्भिः पात्रैरर्घ्याभिपूरितैः ।
लाजपूर्णैश्च पात्रीभिरक्षतैरभिसम्स्कृतैः ॥
दर्भैः समैः समास्तीर्य विधिवन्मन्त्रपूर्वकम् ।
अग्निमाधाय वेद्यां तु विधिमन्त्रपुरस्कृतम् ।
जुहावाग्नौ महातेजा वसिष्ठो भगवान् ऋषिः ॥
ततः सीतां समानीय सर्वाभरणभूषिताम् ।
समक्षमग्नेः संस्थाप्य राघवाभिमुखे तदा ।
अब्रवीज्जनको राजा कौसल्यानन्दवर्धनम् ॥
इयं सीता ममसुता सहधर्मचरी तव ।
प्रतीच्छ चैनां भद्रं ते पाणिं गृह्णीष्व पाणिना ॥
पतिव्रता महाभागा छायेवानुगता सदा ।
इत्युक्त्वा प्राक्षिपद्राजा मन्त्रपूतं जलं तदा ॥१/७३/१९-२५॥
At the centre of the pandal, he (Vasishtha) got the altar constructed and duly decorated with incense and flowers. There were golden vessels, earthen pots of varied hues with sprouted plants, incense holders with incense, conch shell vessels, ladles, spoons, and vessels filled with water meant as arghya, vessels filled with puffed rice, and akshata (cleaned and sanctified unbroken rice). On the altar
after spreading the darbha grass chanting mantras duly, the holy saint brought the fire to the altar and offered oblations to the fire. Then King Janaka brought Sita, who was fully be-jewelled, in presence of the fire and in front of Rama and said, " This Sita, my daughter, will be a partner in your righteous conduct. Accept her and take her hand in your hand. May auspiciousness be with you. She will be devoted to you, her husband and will follow you like your shadow." So saying, he sprinkled water made holy by Mantras on them.

अथ राजा विदेहानां ददौ कन्याधनं बहु ।
गवां शतसहस्राणि बहूनि मिथिलेश्वरः ॥
कम्बलानां च मुख्यानां क्षौमान् कोट्यम्बराणि च ।
हस्त्यश्वरथपादातं दिव्यरूपं स्वलङ्कृतम् ।
ददौ कन्यापिता तासां दासीदासमनुत्तमम् ॥
हिरण्यस्य सुवर्णस्य मुक्तानां विद्रुमस्य च ।
ददौ परमसम्हृष्टः कन्याधनमनुत्तमम् ॥१/७४/४-७॥
Then King of the Videhas gifted large sums of dowry. He gifted tens of thousands of cows, crores of precious woollen rugs and silk clothes. He gifted well decorated and beautiful assembly of elephants, horses, chariots and women-slaves and men-slaves to his daughters. Superbly happy, he gifted them as dowry Gold, Silver, Pearls and precious stones.

pre-coronation worship
गते पुरोहिते रामः स्नातो नियतमानसः ।
सह पत्न्या विशालाक्ष्या नारायणमुपागमत् ॥
प्रगृह्य शिरसा पात्रीं हविषो विधिवत्तदा ।
महते दैवतायाज्यं जुहाव ज्वलितेऽनले ॥
शेषं च हविषस्तस्य प्राश्याशास्यात्मनः प्रियम् ।
ध्यायन्नारायणं देवं स्वास्तीर्णे कुशसंस्तरे ॥
वाग्यतः सह वैदेह्या भूत्वा नियतमानसः ।
श्रीमत्यायतने विष्णोः शिश्ये नरवरात्मजः ॥
एकयामावशिष्टायां रात्र्यां प्रतिविबुद्ध्य सः ।
अलङ्कारविधिं कृत्स्नं कारयामास वेश्मनः ॥
तत्र शृण्वन् सुखा वाचः सूतमागधवन्दिनाम् ।
पूर्वां सन्ध्यामुपासीनो जजाप यतमानसः ।
तुष्टाव प्रणतश्चैव शिरसा मधुसूदनं ॥
विमलक्षौमसंवीतो वाचयामास च द्विजान् ।
तेषां पुण्याहघोषोऽथ गम्भीरमधुरस्तदा ।
अयोध्यां पूरयामास तूर्यघोषानुनादितः ॥२/६/१-८॥
When the priest left, Rama bathed and with a disciplined mind meditated along with the wide-eyed Sita on Narayana. Then holding the vessel containing havis on his head, the son of the best of men offered ghee to the great divinity in the burning fire duly. Eating the remaining of havis and praying for his own welfare he meditated on the divinity Narayana and slept in the divine abode of Vishnu (Narayana) on the bed of darbha grass spread by him along with Sita with a disciplined mind and cotrolled speech. When there was still one yaama (3 hours) left of the night, he woke up and got his mansion decorated. Listening to the pleasant words of bards he observed Sandhya ritual with a controlled mind. Bowing his head he recited prayers to Vishnu, the slayer of Madhu. Clad in clean silken robes he made the Brahmins read sacred texts. Their deep and sweet recitations wishing a good day reverberated by the blowing of toorya (a musical instrument) filled the city of Ayodhya.

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The world of Valmiki-08

The World of Valmiki-08

1.8 Customs,rituals and beliefs
Horse sacrifice
प्रवर्ग्यं शास्त्रतः कृत्वा तथैवोपसदं द्विजाः ।
चक्रुश्च विधिवत् सर्वमधिकं कर्म शास्त्रतः ॥
अभिपूज्य ततो हृष्टाः सर्वे चक्रुर्यथाविधि ।
प्रातःसवनपूर्वाणि कर्माणि मुनिपुङ्गवाः ॥
ऐन्द्रश्च विधिवद्दत्तो राजा चाभिष्टुतोऽनघः ।
माध्यन्दिनं च सवनं प्रावर्तत यथाक्रमम् ॥
तृतीयसवनं चैव राज्ञोऽस्य सुमहात्मनः ।
चक्रुस्ते शास्त्रतो दृष्ट्वा तथा ब्राह्मणपुङ्गवाः ॥१/१४/४-७॥
After performing Pravargya and Upasada rites as per prescribed code Brahmins did all that needed to be done. Starting from the morning Savana (crushing of Soma plant) all the eminent sages performed all the rituals. Oblations to Indra were made and the pure Soma creeper was crushed and the midday Savana was duly made. Brahmin chiefs conducted the third Savana in the evening as per prescribed code.

कर्मान्तरे तदा विप्रा हेतुवादान् बहूनपि ।
प्राहुः स्म वाग्ग्मिनो धीराः परस्परजिगीषया ॥१/१४/१९॥
In between the rituals Brahmins put forward many arguments (in support of their contentions) and argued with each other to win them over to their view point.

प्राप्ते यूपोच्छ्रये तस्मिन् षद्बैल्वाः खादिरास्तथा ।
तावन्तो बिल्वसहिताः पर्णिनश्च तथापरे ॥
श्लेष्मातकमयस्त्वेको देवदारुमयस्तथा ।
द्वावेव तत्र विहितौ बाहुव्यस्तपरिग्रहौ ॥
कारितास्सर्व एवैते शास्त्रज्ञैर्यज्ञकोविदैः ।
शोभार्थं तस्य यज्ञस्य काञ्चनालंकृताभवन् ॥
एकविंशतियूपास्ते एकविंशत्यरत्नयः ।
वसोभिरेकविंशद्भिः एकैकं समल्ङ्कृताः ॥
विन्यस्ता विधिवत् सर्वे शिल्पिभिः सुकृता दृढाः ।
अष्टाश्रयः सर्व एव श्लख्ष्णरूपसमन्विताः ॥
आच्छादितास्ते वासोभिः पुष्पैर्गन्धैश्च पूजिताः ।
सप्तर्षयो दीप्तिमन्तो विराजन्ते यथा दिवि ॥
इष्टकाश्च यथान्यायं कारिताश्च प्रमाणतः ।
चितोऽग्निर्ब्राह्मणैस्तत्र कुशलैः शुल्बकर्मणि ॥
स चित्यो राजसिह्मस्य सञ्चितः कुशलैर्द्विजैः ।
गरुडो रुक्मपक्षो वै त्रिगुणोऽष्टादशात्मकः ॥
नियुक्तास्तत्र पशवस्तत्तदुद्दिश्य दैवतम् ।
उरगाः पक्षिणश्चैव यथाशास्त्रं प्रचोदिताः ॥
शामित्रे तु हयस्तत्र तथा जलचराश्च ये ।
ऋत्विग्भिः सर्वमेवैतन्नियुक्तं शास्त्रतस्तदा ॥
पशूनां त्रिशतम् तत्र यूपेषु नियतं तदा ।
अश्वरत्नोत्तमं तत्र राज्ञो दशरथस्य च ॥
कौसल्या तं हयं तत्र परिचर्य समन्ततः ।
कृपाणैर्विशशासैनं त्रिभिः परमया मुदा ॥
पतत्त्रिणा तदा सार्द्धं सुस्थितेन च चेतसा ।
अवसद्रजनीमेकां कौसल्या धर्मकाम्यया ॥
होताध्वर्युस्तथोद्गाता हस्तेन समयोजयन् ।
महिष्या परिवृत्त्या च वावातामपरां तथा ॥
पतत्त्रिणस्तस्य वपामुद्धृत्य नियतेन्द्रियः ।
ऋत्विक् परमसंपन्नः श्रपयामास शास्त्रतः ॥
धूमगन्धं वपयास्तु जिघ्रति स्म नराधिपः ।
यथाकालं यथान्यायं निर्णुदन् पापमात्मनः ॥
हयस्य यानिचाङ्गानि तानि सर्वाणि ब्राह्मणाः ।
अग्नौ प्रास्यन्ति विधिवत् समन्त्राः षोडशर्त्विजः ॥
प्लक्षशाखासु यज्ञानामन्येषाम् क्रियते हविः ।
अश्वमेधस्य यज्ञस्य वैतसो भाग इष्यते ॥
त्र्यहोऽश्वमेधः संख्यातः कल्पसूत्रॆण ब्राह्मणैः ।
चतुष्टोममहस्तस्य प्रथमं परिकल्पितम् ।
उक्थ्यं द्वितीयं संख्यातमतिरात्रं तथोत्तरम् ॥
कारितास्तत्र बहवो विहिताः शास्त्रदर्शनात् ।
ज्योतिष्टोमायुषी चैवमतिरात्रौ विनिर्मितौ ।
अभिजद्विश्वजिच्चैवमाप्तोर्यामो महाक्रतुः ॥
प्राचीं होत्रे ददौ राजा दिशं स्वकुलवर्धनः ।
अध्वर्यवे प्रतीचीं तु ब्रह्मणे दक्षिणां दिशम् ॥
उद्गात्रे वै तथोदीचीं दक्षिणैषा विनिर्मिता ।
हयमेधे महायज्ञे स्वयम्भूविहिते पुरा ॥१/१५/२०-४२॥
On the arrival of the time to erect yoopa pillars, six each of Bilva, Khadira and Palasa wood were erected. One pillar of Devadaru and two pillars of Sleshmataka are to be erected at a distance of two shoulder-length. Under the direction of the well-versed all these were appropriately arranged. The twenty one pillars of twenty one arms-length were each covered with cloth. They were beautifully shaped and strong, made by carpenters as per scriptural code. They had eight corners and were smooth. Covered with cloth and worshipped with flowers and sandal paste they looked like the Saptarishi constellation (great bear) in the sky. Bricks had been made as per prescribed measurement and with them the sacrificial altar had been constructed by those well versed in altar-architecture. Expert Brahmins placed the fire on the altar with due ceremony for king Dasaratha to worship. The fire resembled  Garuda in shape looking downward  facing East with wings of Gold. Having eighteen sacrificial pits, the size of the altar was three times the normal. Animals, snakes and birds had been tied to the pillars as per ritual code for being offered to particular Gods. The horse and marine animals that had been brought there were tied at that moment to the pillars. Three hundred animals were thus tied down to the pillars. The best of the horses of King Dasaratha was tied down to the pillar.
Kausalya made three marks with swords on the horse after consecrating the horse duly. With a calm mind Kausalya spent one night with the (dead) horse in order to gain merit. Hota, adhvaryu and udgaatr held the hands of the three queens. (Technically with  Mahishi, Parivrutti and Vaavaata- three types of wives). Rutvik who had control over his senses removed the fat from the dead horse and cooked it as per scriptural procedure. The king inhaled the vapours at prescribed instant and as per prescribed procedure thus obliterating his sins. All the sixteen Brahmin priests removed the parts of the dead horse and offered them into the fire. Whereas in other sacrifices the offering to the fire is placed on branch of Plaksha tree in Asvamedha sacrifice it is placed on cane mat. In Kalpasutra and Brahmanas three days of Savana (pressing of Somajuice) have been prescribed. The Savanas for the three days are called Jyottishtoma for the first day, Ukthya for the second day and Atiratra for the third day. Several rituals were conducted at the sacrifice as per injunctions. Jyotishtoma, Ayushtoma, two rounds of Atiratra, Abhijit, Viswajit and two rounds of Aptoryama were performed. The emperor who made his llineage flourish, gave away as dakshina(fee) the Eastern part  to the Hotru, the western to the Adhvaryu, the Southern to the Brahma and the Northern to the Udgatru. Such are the fees prescribed for Asvamedha the first of which was performed by Brahma the creator.

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The World of Valmiki- 07

The World of  Valmiki- 07

1.6 Castes

स्वकर्मनिरता नित्यं ब्राह्मणा विजितेन्द्रियाः ।
दानाध्ययनशीलाश्च संयताश्च प्रतिग्रहे ॥१/६/१३॥
Brahmins who were engaged in their assigned duties had control over their senses, were busy with study and giving away and were constrained in accepting gifts.
 
क्षत्रं ब्रह्ममुखं चासीद्वैश्याः क्षत्रमनुव्रताः ।
शूद्राः स्वधर्मनिरतास्त्रीन्वर्णानुपचारिणः ॥१/६/१९॥
Kshatriya's followed Brahmins, Vaisya's followed Kshatriya's and Sudra's engaged in their duties served the (other) three castes.

दरिद्राय द्विजायाथ हस्ताभरणमुत्तमम् ।
कस्मैचिद्याचमानाय ददौ राघवनन्दनः ॥१/१४/५२॥
Rama gave away a valuable bangle to some poor Brahmin who was seeking a gift.

ये चेमे कठकालापा बहवो दण्डमाणवाः ।
नित्यस्वाध्यायशीलत्वान्नान्यत् कुर्वन्ति किञ्चन ।
अलसाः स्वादुकामाश्च महतां चापि सम्मताः ॥२/३२/१८-१९॥
Yonder are students carrying staff who study Katha and Kalapa versions of Veda. As they are busy with their studies they do not do anything else, are lazy and like sweets, yet are respected even by the great.

मेखलीनां महासङ्घः कौसल्यां समुपस्थितः ।
तेषां सहस्रं सौमित्रे प्रत्येकं सम्प्रदापय ॥२/३२/२१॥
A large  group of celibates is waiting on Kausalya. See that a thousand (coins) are given to each.

तत्रासीत् पिङ्गलो गार्ग्यस्त्रिजटो नाम वै द्विजः ।
क्षतवृत्तिर्वने नित्यं फालकुद्दाललाङ्गली ॥२/३२/२९॥
There was a Brahmin belonging to Garga lineage called Trijata, pale in colour who had strayed from his avocation and was carrying an axe, a spade and a plough.

शुश्राव जपतां तत्र मन्त्रान् रक्षोगृहेषु वै ।
स्वाध्यायनिरतांश्चैव यातुधानान् ददर्श ह ॥५/४/१३॥
In the residences of Rakshasa's he heard those Rakshasa's who were engaged in their studies and chanting mantra's.




1.7 Food and utensils

इत्युक्त्वोपायनं गृह्य मत्स्यमाम्समधूनि च ।
अभिचक्राम भरतं निषादाधिपतिर्गुहः ॥२/८४/१०॥
Guha, the chief of hunters brought to Bharata a gift and fish, meat and honey.

अन्याः स्रवन्तु मैरेयं सुरामन्याः सुनिष्ठिताम् ।
अपराश्चोदकं शीतं इक्षुकाण्डरसोपमम् ॥२/९१/१५॥
Let some streams bring maireya (a fermented drink made of date palms), others bring refined sura ( a fermented drink made of jaggery,flour etc.) and still others cold water as sweet as sugur-cane juice. 

आजैश्चापि च वाराहैः निष्ठानवरसञ्चयैः ।
फलनिर्यूहसंसिद्धैः सूपैः गन्धरसान्वितैः ॥
पुष्पध्वजवतीः पूर्णाः शुक्लस्यान्नस्य चाभितः ।
ददृशुः विस्मितास्तत्र नरा लौहीः सहस्रशः ॥२/९१/६६-६७॥
People saw there with amazement thousands of metal vessels filled with goat-meat, porc, flavoured soup with fruit-extracts, decorated with flower flags around white rice.

वाप्यो मैरेयपूर्णाश्च मृष्टमाम्सचयैर्वृताः ।
प्रतप्तपिठरैश्चापि मार्गमायूरकौक्कुटैः ॥
पात्रीणां च सहस्राणि स्थालीनां नियुतानि च ।
न्यर्बुदानि च पात्राणि शातकुम्भमयानि च ॥
स्थाल्यः कुम्भ्यः करम्भ्यश्च दधिपूर्णाः सुसम्स्कृताः ।
यौवनस्थस्य गौरस्य कपित्थस्य सुगन्धिनः ।
ह्रदाः पूर्णा रसालस्य दध्नः श्वेतस्य चापरे ॥
बभूवुः पायसस्यान्ये शर्करायाश्च सञ्चयाः ।
कल्कांश्चूर्णकषायांश्च स्नानानि विविधानि च ।
ददृशुर्भाजनस्थानि तीर्थेषु सरितां नराः ॥२/९१/७०-७३॥
The wells were full of Maireya drink. There were heated pots full of meat of deer,peacock and hen.
There were countless vessels of all shapes full of well garnished curds, fragrant butter-milk, tinged yellow and recently prepared and spiced butter milk, called Rasala and white curds. There were tanks full of payas, milk boiled with rice and sugar. On the steps to the rivers they saw crushed myrobalan, powdered fragrant substances and various articles filled in vessels used for bathing.

निषसाद गिरिप्रस्थे सीतां मांसेन छन्दयन् ।
इदं मेध्यमिदं स्वादु निष्टप्तमिदमग्निना ॥२/९६/१-२॥
He(Rama) sat on a plateau of the hill  cajoling Sita with meat saying, "This is sacred, this is sweet and this is well burnt in fire".

पानभूमिगतं हित्वा हैममासवभाजनम् ।
पात्राणि च महार्हाणि करकांश्च हिरण्मयान् ।
लेह्यानुचावचान् भक्ष्यान् मांसानि विविधानि च ॥५/१/२३॥
(Vidyadhara's left behind golden and very vauable vessels and vases in the area reserved for drinking and also various types of meat and pastes(लेह्य- that which is consumed by licking).

मृगाणां महिषाणां च वराहाणां च भागशः ।
तत्र न्यस्तानि मांसानि पानभूमौ ददर्श ह ॥
रौक्मेषु च विशालेषु भाजनेष्वप्यभक्षितान् ।
वराहवाध्रीणसकान् दधिसौवर्चलायुतान् ॥
शल्यान् मृगमयूरान्श्च हनुमानन्ववैक्षत ।
कृकलान् विविधान् छागान् शशकानर्धभक्षितान् ।
महिषानेकशल्यान्श्च मेषान्श्च कृतनिष्ठितान् ॥
लेह्यानुच्चावचान् पेयान् भोज्यानुच्चावचानपि।
तथाम्ललवणोत्तम्सैः विविधै रागखाण्डवैः।।५/११/१४-१९॥
In the drinks chamber, (Hanuman) saw meats of deer, buffaloes and pigs kept separately. The Great Monkey saw in large silver vessels un- consumed meat of boars, rhinoceros mixed with curds and salt (coming from a country "suvarchala") and half consumed well cooked meats of partridge, goats, rabbits, buffaloes and sheep. He saw all types of pastes (लेह्य), beverages and eatables along with sour and saltish Raga and Khandava (grape juice drinks).   
 
दिव्याः प्रसन्नाः विविधाः सुराः कृतसुरा अपि।
शर्करासवमाध्वीकपुष्पासवफलासवाः ॥
वासचूर्णैश्च विविधैः दृष्टास्तैस्तैः पृथक् पृथक् ।५/११/२०-२१॥
Divine and clear natural alcoholic drinks and artificial alcoholic drinks such as those made from sugar, honey, flowers and fruits spiced with various aromatic additives were seen (by Hanuman).

न मांसं राघवो भुङ्क्ते न चैव मधु सेवते ।
वन्यं सुविहितं नित्यं भक्तमश्नाति पञ्चमम्।५/३६/४१॥
Rama does not eat meat nor does he take honey. He eats forest grown cooked food daily in the fifth period of the day.
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The World of Valmiki_ 06

The world of Valmiki 06

1.4 Occupations

कर्मान्तिकान् शिल्पकारान् वर्धकीन् खनकानपि।
गणकान् शिल्पिनश्चैव तथैव नटनर्तकान् ॥१/१३/७॥
(Vasishtha ordered deployment of) workmen, sculptors, carpenters, diggers, astronomers, artisans, actors and dancers.

श्वः पुष्ययोगं नियतं वक्ष्यन्ते दैवचिन्तकाः ॥२/४/२१॥
Astrologers say that tomorrow is associated with Pushya star.

अथ चापि महाप्राज्ञ ब्राह्मणानां मया श्रुतम् ।
पुरा पितृगृहे सत्यं वस्तव्यं किल मे वने ॥
लक्षणिभ्यो द्विजातिभ्यः श्रुत्वाहं वचनं पुरा ।
वनवासकृतोत्साहा नित्यमेव महाबल ॥२/२९/८-९॥
While in my father's place long back I had been told by Brahmin fortun-tellers that I will have to live in a forest. I am all the time eager to live in a forest.

कन्यया च पितुर्गेहे वनवासः श्रुतो मया ।
भिक्षिण्याः साधुवृत्तायाः मम मातुरिहाग्रतः ॥२/२९/१३॥
As a yound unmarried girl I was told by a woman mendicant in front of my mother of forest life. 

अथ रात्र्यां व्यतीतायां प्रातरेवापरेऽहनि ।
वन्दिनः पर्युपातिष्ठन् तत्पार्थिवनिवेशनम् ॥
सूताः परमसंस्काराः मागधाश्चोत्तमश्रुताः ।
गायकाः श्रुतिशीलाश्च निगदन्तः पृथक् पृथक् ॥२/६५/१-२॥
After the night ended, early in the morning the next day panegyrists, well versed minstrels, knowledgeable bards and singers capable of discerning musical-notes arrived at the palace of the king each singing in his own style. 

ततस्तु स्तुवताम् तेषां सूतानां पाणिवादकाः ।
अपदानान्युदाहृत्य पाणिवादान्यवादयन् ॥२/६५/४॥
Then while the minstrels praised the king, hand clappers clapped hands eulodizing king's exploits.

अथ भूमिप्रदेशज्ञाः सूत्रकर्मविशारदाः ।
स्वकर्माभिरताश्शूरा: खनका यन्त्रकास्तथा ॥
कर्मान्तिकाः स्थपतयः पुरुषा यन्त्रकोविदाः ।
तथा वर्धकयश्चैव मार्गिणो वृक्षतक्षकाः ॥२/८०/१-२॥
Then those who new the terrain of the land, those who measured and aligned using a thread (surveyors), diggers who were adept in their work and were brave, mechanics, paid labourers, architects, engineers, carpenters, way-finders, lumbermen.

मणिकाराश्च ये केचित् कुंभकाराश्च शोभनाः ।
सूत्रकर्मविशेषज्ञाः ये च शस्त्रोपजीविनः ॥
मयूरकाः क्राकचिकाः वेधका रोचकास्तथा ।
दन्तकाराः सुधाकाराः ये च गन्धोपजीविनः ॥
सुवर्णकाराः प्रख्याताः तथा कम्बलकारकाः ।
स्नापकोष्णोदका वैद्या धूपकाः शौण्डिकास्तथा ॥
रजकाः तुन्नवायाश्च ग्रामघोषमहत्तराः ।
शैलूषाश्च सह स्त्रीभिः यान्ति कैवर्तकास्तथा ॥२/८३/१२-१५॥
Lapidarists, potters, weavers, weapon-makers, peacock-hunters, lumbermen, those who drill holes, polishers, ivory-workers, lime-makers, perfume sellers, goldsmiths, blanket-weavers, bath-givers, masseurs, physicians, fumigators, distillers, washermen, tailors and chiefs of villages and hamlets, dancers with their  womenfolk and boatmen all went with (Bharata)

ऊचुर्लक्षणिनो ये मां पुत्रिण्यविधवेति च ।
तेऽद्य सर्वे हते रामे ज्ञानिनोऽनृतवादिनः ॥६/४८/२॥
Experts in reading  physiognomy told me that I would have sons and would not be a widow. Now that Rama is dead those scholars have become liers.


1.5 Villagers and village life

एतौ दृष्ट्वा कृशौ दीनौ सूर्यरश्मिप्रतापितौ ।
अर्द्यमानौ बलीवर्दौ कर्षकेण सुराधिप ॥२/७४/२४॥
O Chief of Sura's, havine seen this pair of emaciated pathetic bullocks being beaten by the farmer, - - - .

ददर्श च वने तस्मिन् महतः सञ्चयान् कृतान् ।
मृगाणां महिषाणां च करीषैः शीतकारणात् ॥२/९९/७॥
In that forest he saw large heaps of dung cakes of deer and bisons made for (fighting) cold.

बभूव वसुधा तैस्तु सम्पूर्णा हरिपुङ्ग्वैः ।
यथा कलमकेदारैः पक्वैरिव वसुन्धरा ॥६/४/९१॥
The ground became full of the monkeys as if covered with ripe rice plants.

केदारस्येव केदारः सोदकस्य निरूदकः ।
उपस्नेहेन जीवामि जीवन्तीं यच्छृणोमि ताम् ॥६/५/११॥
By hearing that she is alive I live in the manner a waterless field lives by the subsidiary water flow from a field full of water.
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